This tutorial is focused on how to create an Analog clock using C# programming language. So in this tutorial, we are going to use C# to draw the graphics of an analog clock. We also make used of a timer to continuously move our clock’s pointer or hand.
Method
So we will first set some angle values to second, minute, hour hand.
Then use C# code to draw the clock using the graphics class, save it as a bitmap variable and load it to a picturebox.
Then lastly use the timer to move the second hand, minute hand and the hour hand.
Instructions
Open Visual Studio.
Then create a new Windows Form Application Project.
Then add a Picture box to the form.
Now double click on the form to go to code view
Then copy and paste the below code after the "private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)" heading right curly bracket "}".
private void t_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// create an image
cg = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
//get time
int ss = DateTime.Now.Second;
int mm = DateTime.Now.Minute;
int hh = DateTime.Now.Hour;
int[] handCoord = new int[2];
//get time
cg.Clear(Color.Blue);
//draw a circle
cg.DrawEllipse(new Pen(Color.Black, 6f), 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
//draw clock numbers
cg.DrawString("12", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(140, 3));
cg.DrawString("1", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(218, 22));
cg.DrawString("2", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(263, 70));
cg.DrawString("3", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(285, 140));
cg.DrawString("4", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(263, 212));
cg.DrawString("5", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(218, 259));
cg.DrawString("6", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(142, 279));
cg.DrawString("7", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(70, 259));
cg.DrawString("8", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(22, 212));
cg.DrawString("9", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(1, 140));
cg.DrawString("10", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(22, 70));
cg.DrawString("11", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(70, 22));
//draw seconds hand
handCoord = msCoord(ss, secHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Red, 2f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//draw minutes hand
handCoord = msCoord(mm, minHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 3f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//draw hours hand
handCoord = hrCoord(hh % 12, mm, hrHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 3f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//load the bitmap image
pictureBox1.Image = bmp;
//display time in the heading
this.Text = "Analog Clock - " + hh + ":" + mm + ":" + ss;
cg.Dispose();
}
//coord for minute and second
private int[] msCoord(int val, int hlen)
{
int[] coord = new int[2];
val *= 6; // note: each minute and seconds make a 6 degree
if (val >= 0 && val <= 100)
{
coord[0] = cx + (int)(hlen * Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
else
{
coord[0] = cx - (int)(hlen * -Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
return coord;
}
//coord for hour
private int[] hrCoord(int hval, int mval, int hlen)
{
int[] coord = new int[2];
//each hour makes 60 degree with min making 0.5 degree
int val = (int)((hval * 30) + (mval * 0.5));
if (val >= 0 && val <= 180)
{
coord[0] = cx + (int)(hlen * Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
else
{
coord[0] = cx - (int)(hlen * -Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
return coord;
}
Then copy and paste the below code inside the curly bracket {} under the "private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)" heading.
// create a new bitmap
bmp = new Bitmap(WIDTH + 1, HEIGHT + 1);
// placing in center
cx = WIDTH / 2;
cy = HEIGHT / 2;
//backcolor
this.BackColor = Color.White;
//timer
t.Interval = 1000; // i.e. tick in milisecond
t.Tick += new EventHandler(this.t_Tick);
t.Start();
Then copy and paste the below code inside the curly bracket {} under the "public partial class Form1 : Form" heading.
Timer t = new Timer();
int WIDTH = 300, HEIGHT = 300, secHAND = 140, minHAND = 110, hrHAND = 80;
// in center
int cy, cx;
Bitmap bmp;
Graphics cg;
Below is the full code of the Analog clock application
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace analogClock
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
Timer t = new Timer();
int WIDTH = 300, HEIGHT = 300, secHAND = 140, minHAND = 110, hrHAND = 80;
// in center
int cy, cx;
Bitmap bmp;
Graphics cg;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// create a new bitmap
bmp = new Bitmap(WIDTH + 1, HEIGHT + 1);
// placing in center
cx = WIDTH / 2;
cy = HEIGHT / 2;
//backcolor
this.BackColor = Color.White;
//timer
t.Interval = 1000; // i.e. tick in milisecond
t.Tick += new EventHandler(this.t_Tick);
t.Start();
}
private void t_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// create an image
cg = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
//get time
int ss = DateTime.Now.Second;
int mm = DateTime.Now.Minute;
int hh = DateTime.Now.Hour;
int[] handCoord = new int[2];
//get time
cg.Clear(Color.Blue);
//draw a circle
cg.DrawEllipse(new Pen(Color.Black, 6f), 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
//draw clock numbers
cg.DrawString("12", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(140, 3));
cg.DrawString("1", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(218, 22));
cg.DrawString("2", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(263, 70));
cg.DrawString("3", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(285, 140));
cg.DrawString("4", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(263, 212));
cg.DrawString("5", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(218, 259));
cg.DrawString("6", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(142, 279));
cg.DrawString("7", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(70, 259));
cg.DrawString("8", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(22, 212));
cg.DrawString("9", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(1, 140));
cg.DrawString("10", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(22, 70));
cg.DrawString("11", new Font("Ariel", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(70, 22));
//draw seconds hand
handCoord = msCoord(ss, secHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Red, 2f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//draw minutes hand
handCoord = msCoord(mm, minHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 3f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//draw hours hand
handCoord = hrCoord(hh % 12, mm, hrHAND);
cg.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 3f), new Point(cx, cy), new Point(handCoord[0], handCoord[1]));
//load the bitmap image
pictureBox1.Image = bmp;
//display time in the heading
this.Text = "Analog Clock - " + hh + ":" + mm + ":" + ss;
cg.Dispose();
}
//coord for minute and second
private int[] msCoord(int val, int hlen)
{
int[] coord = new int[2];
val *= 6; // note: each minute and seconds make a 6 degree
if (val >= 0 && val <= 100)
{
coord[0] = cx + (int)(hlen * Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
else
{
coord[0] = cx - (int)(hlen * -Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
return coord;
}
//coord for hour
private int[] hrCoord(int hval, int mval, int hlen)
{
int[] coord = new int[2];
//each hour makes 60 degree with min making 0.5 degree
int val = (int)((hval * 30) + (mval * 0.5));
if (val >= 0 && val <= 180)
{
coord[0] = cx + (int)(hlen * Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
else
{
coord[0] = cx - (int)(hlen * -Math.Sin(Math.PI * val / 180));
coord[1] = cy - (int)(hlen * Math.Cos(Math.PI * val / 180));
}
return coord;
}
}
}
The result of the application:
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